In health studies among older people, SRH captures not only social and physical health but also broader economic well-being.”
“PURPOSE: To estimate the incidence of acute-onset endophthalmitis

after cataract surgery and to report its clinical features, microbiology, and final visual outcomes.

SETTING: King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

METHODS: This was a retrospective observational case series.

RESULTS: The 10-year incidence 4SC-202 of acute-onset endophthalmitis after cataract surgery was 0.068%: 0.049% for extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and 0.085% for clear corneal phacoemulsification (P = .268). The incidence of endophthalmitis was 0.053% during the first 5 years of the study and 0.08% during the next 5 years. The most common presenting features were pain and poor red reflex. Of the 20 cases, 18 were culture positive. The culture isolates showed Staphylococcus species in 7 eyes (35%), Streptococcus species in 7 eyes (35%), polymicrobial or mixed infections in 3 eyes (15%), and Propionibacterium acnes in 1 eye (5%). Two patients (10%) achieved a final visual acuity of 20/40 or better, 5 (25%) had worse than 20/40 to better than 20/200, and 8 (40%) had worse than 20/200; 5 eyes (25%) were eviscerated. Visual outcomes were good in endophthalmitis cases after phacoemulsification and in cases caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis

and selleckchem worse in cases that Galardin had Streptococcus species endophthalmitis.

CONCLUSIONS: Clear corneal phacoemulsification had a 1.73-fold higher risk for acute endophthalmitis than ECCE. Although the incidence of endophthalmitis

after ECCE was lower than after phacoemulsification, the outcome was much worse in post-ECCE endophthalmitis cases. Poor visual outcomes were associated with more virulent organisms and delayed presentation.”
“Highly reactive alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes like 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), generated from oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, can bind to proteins, polynucleotides and exert cytotoxicity. 4-HNE is known to react readily with thiol and amino groups on free or bound amino acids. Recently, hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) has been identified as an endogenous vascular gasotransmitter and neuromodulator which can reach up to 160 mu mol/l in the brain. Markedly higher 4-HNE concentrations were reported in the brain of patients suffering from Alzheimer’s disease. Assuming that the low molecular thiol H(2)S may react with 4-HNE, we have tested the ability of H(2)S to counteract the cytotoxic and protein-modifying activity of 4-HNE. The results show that H(2)S at physiologically relevant concentrations could effectively protect neuronal cells (SH-SY5Y) from the cytotoxic action of 4-HNE. The HNE-modification of cellular proteins was also inhibited in presence of H(2)S.