Deficits are revealed in the management this website of spinal trauma (34-48% competence in senior trainees) and spinal conditions requiring the use of implants and anterior approaches, with the exception of anterior cervical stabilisation.

European neurosurgical trainees possess incomplete competence in dealing with spinal disorders. EANS trainees advocate the development of a postresidency spine subspecialty training program.”
“Ruptured uterus is an obstetric catastrophe and results in significant maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in Nigeria.

To review the incidence and management of ruptured uterus over the 8-year period (2000-2004 and 2007-2009)

and analysis of records of cases of ruptured uterus during the period under review in a descriptive study.

The incidence of uterine rupture is 1 in 81 deliveries with

a contribution of 13.8% to maternal mortality in Ebonyi State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. There was high fetal wastage as 99 (97.1%) of the babies died. The highest incidence of ruptured uterus was found in the para 2-4 group. Teenagers constituted 4 (3.96%) of the cases. Majority of the rupture, 69 (65.4%) occurred anteriorly. Fifty-seven LDC000067 (56.4%) had only repair of the rupture done. The greatest complication was septicemia, which occurred in 32 (31.7%) of the patients.

The incidence of uterine rupture is very high in our center. It is one of the highest causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. There should be a multi-pronged

effort aimed at improving the utilization of medical services by the populace and the health institutions offering efficient obstetric emergency care.”
“A convenient approach has been developed for the preparation of microsize hydrogels composed of crosslinked poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm). First, semi-interpenetration polymer networks of hydropropylcellulose (HPC) and PNIPAm-co-PAA copolymer are formed through the copolymerization and crosslinking of monomer acrylic acid and N-isopropylacrylamide in HPC aqueous solution. After the selective removal of HPC from networks Dinaciclib due to ionization of PAA units and disruption of hydrogen bonding with increasing pH, PNIPAm-co-PAA microgels are obtained, whose volume is confirmed to be responsive to both temperature and pH. Doxorubicin hydrochloride (Dox) can be encapsulated in PNIPAm-co-PAA microgels with high drug loading driven by the electrostatic interaction, and a sustained-release characteristic of Dox from the microgels is observed under physiological pH value and temperature. In vitro cell experiments, the drug-loaded microgels can be taken up by LoVo cells and release their payload in cell cytoplasm without loss of drug efficacy.