In general, the four tested recombinant A domains were found

to activate selectively predicted amino acids, experimentally PX-478 research buy confirming the speculation that the plp gene cluster involved in pelgipeptin biosynthesis. Figure 2 Substrate specificity of the A domains by non-radioactive assay. The assay was performed with 20 different proteogenic amino acids plus L-Dab and D-Phe. The highest activity was set at 100%. Only amino acids related to the composition of pelgipeptin are shown. Other amino acids with relative activities < 5% are not shown. The plpA gene responsible for L-2,4-diaminobutyrate biosynthesis The peptide core of pelgipeptin contains three non-proteinogenic amino acid L-2,4-diaminobutyrate at positions 1, 3, and 6. Several studies have indicated that this unusual amino acid is formed from aspartate

β-semialdehyde catalysed by the enzyme diaminobutyrate-2-oxoglutarate Microbiology inhibitor transaminase [15, 16]. The plpA gene encoded a putative homologue of this enzyme and was proposed to be responsible for L-2,4-diaminobutyrate biosynthesis in P. elgii B69. The deduced amino acid sequence of the plpA gene product (PlpA, 428 amino acids) showed 50% and 38% identity with EctB from Halobacillus dabanensis[15] and PvdH from Pseudomonas aeruginosa[16], respectively. It has been demonstrated that an important substrate of diaminobutyrate-2-oxoglutarate transaminase was aspartate β-semialdehyde, which was formed from aspartyl phosphate catalysed by aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [16]. Aspartate β-semialdehyde is also a metabolic precursor Metalloexopeptidase for several other amino acids, including lysine, threonine, isoleucine, methionine, and diaminopimelate. Therefore, the addition of these amino

acids to the culture may be favourable to the strain for the synthesis of pelgipeptin, although most of these amino acids are not components of this lipopeptide antibiotic. This Doramapimod datasheet hypothesis is supported by a finding that the supplementation of a fermentation medium with amino acids listed above increased the production of pelgipeptin [3]. The plpB gene encoded a predicted extracellular lipolytic enzyme The deduced product of plpB gene was a putative lipase/esterase with a typical secretory signal peptide, containing three distinct domains, namely, an N domain with two positively charged lysine, a hydrophobic core domain (H domain), and a C domain with the consensus sequence A-X-A at positions 23 to 25, which was a type I SPase cleavage site [17]. Cleavage at this site would give rise to a predicted mature protein (PlpB) with 495 amino acids and a molecular mass of 53.8 kDa. A comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of PlpB with the sequence of lipase/esterase in the EMBL and SwissProt databases showed significant homology to the nucleophilic serine region of lipase/esterase, with 36% identity to LipB from Bacillus subtilis[18, 19].