The study aims to determine the effect of acute HG on neurovascular outcomes of stroke under control and diabetic conditions. Moderate acute HG (140-200 mg/dl) was achieved by glucose

injection before middle cerebral MM-102 artery occlusion (MCAO) in control Wistar and diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats. Following 3 h MCAO/21 h reperfusion, we measured infarct size, hemorrhagic transformation (HT) frequency, excess hemoglobin, neurobehavioral outcome, and MCA matrix metalloprotease activity. Infarct size was significantly smaller in diabetic rats. Moderate acute HG increased neuronal damage in diabetic but not in control rats. HT frequency and hemoglobin were significantly higher in diabetic rats. HG augmented vascular damage in control rats and had no additional effect on bleeding in diabetic rats. Neurological deficit

was greater in diabetic rats and was worsened by HG. The finding that functional outcome is poorer in both acute HG and diabetes without a significant increase in infarct size suggests that amplified vascular damage contributes to neurological deficit in hyperglycemia. These results highlight the importance of vascular protection to improve neurological outcome in acute ischemic stroke.”
“We aimed to evaluate markers of vascular dysfunction in patients with resistant hypertension selleck screening library (RH). A group of 144 patients (61 years, 42% women) with essential RH were divided in two groups based on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). True RH (72%) was considered when 24-h blood pressure (BP) was >= 130 and/or 80 mmHg. Otherwise, patients were classified as white coat RH (28%). Hyperemia-induced MGCD0103 nmr forearm vasodilation (HIFV), serum inflammatory biomarkers (hs-CRP, s-ICAM-1, s-VCAM-1, e-selectin, p-selectin and MCP-1) and large (C1) and small arterial (C2) compliance (HDI/Pulse Wave CR 2000) were determined in all individuals. In comparison with patients with white coat RH, and after

adjustment for age, office systolic BP and diabetes status, those with true RH had a more impaired HIFV (201 +/- 159 vs 436 +/- 157%; p < 0.001), increased e-selectin (53.1 +/- 29.8 vs 40.7 +/- 23.5 ng/ml; p = 0.035), and MCP-1 (445 +/- 120 vs 386 +/- 126 ng/ml; p = 0.027). No significant differences were observed in arterial compliance. Maximal HIFV inversely correlated with urinary albumin excretion (Rho: = 0.278; p = 0.004) and with some inflammatory biomarkers (MCP-1: = 0.441; p < 0.001, e-selectin: = 0.468; p < 0.001 and p-selectin: = 0.329; p = 0.001). We conclude that true RH, diagnosed by ABPM, is associated with a more severe degree of vascular dysfunction, as measured by HIFV and serum biomarkers, whereas other types of vascular alterations, such as compliance, are not directly linked with the level of BP.