The primary objective of the study was to determine whether slow wave activity related to proactive control would be observed in the two tasks. Consistent with the existing literature, transient components of the ERPs (i.e., medial frontal negativity and feedback related negativity) were observed over the medial frontal region in both tasks that were related to stimulus congruency and feedback processing, respectively. The medial frontal ERPs in both tasks were modeled with a pair of equivalent

current dipoles placed along the anterior to posterior axis of the cingulate. Most importantly, slow wave activity was observed that differentiated incongruent trials from congruent trials after the response in the counting Stroop task, and losses from wins BIBW2992 clinical trial and ties in the Blackjack task. In the Blackjack task, a pair of dipoles in the left lateral frontal and posterior regions modeled the slow wave activity. These data reveal that updating goal representations that support proactive cognitive control may require several 100 ms in contrast to conflict or outcome monitoring that is associated with transient medial frontal neural activity. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“In dealing with malaria, the challenge that remains is prompt diagnosis and initiation of specific and supportive treatment. Physicians should be aware of the therapeutic and prognostic

implications of life-threatening falciparum vs. non-falciparum malaria and be able to at least recognize the severe manifestations of malaria which may buy Forskolin require an increased level of care or referral to a specialist Oxygenase unit. The most important new developments in managing malaria in patients are the increasing problem of drug resistance, the availability of new antimalarial agents (most notably the artemisinins) and general advances in the management of any acutely ill patient in critical care.”
“It is widely reported that inverting a face dramatically affects its recognition. Previous studies have shown that face inversion increases the amplitude and delays the latency of the face-specific N170 component

of the event-related potential (ERP) and also enhances the amplitude of the occipital P1 component (latency 100-132 ms). The present study investigates whether these effects of face inversion can be modulated by visual spatial attention. Participants viewed two streams of visual stimuli, one to the left and one to the right of fixation. One stream consisted of a sequence of alphanumeric characters at 6.67 Hz, and the other stream consisted of a series of upright and inverted images of faces and houses presented in randomized order. The participants’ task was to attend selectively to one or the other of the streams (during different blocks) in order to detect infrequent target stimuli. ERPs elicited by inverted faces showed larger P1 amplitudes compared to upright faces, but only when the faces were attended.