The incidence of LO BSI among infants within various birth weight categories were significantly different. blog of sinaling pathways The highest incidence rate was confirmed in the infants with birth weights 750 grams 44. 6% vs. 27. 1%. Results of the multivariate analysis found that low gestational age and requirement for surgery were significantly associated with risk of LO BSI and others. Those infants with LO BSI were more frequently vulnerable to other infection Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries such as pneumonia or necrotizing enterocolitis. The occurrence of more than one infection was observed frequently. In the group of infants with signs of LO BSI, we did not observe an increased mortality rate. however, early mortality associated with LO BSI occurred usually 7 days after the occurrence of the initial signs of LO BSI was 7. 5%.

The requirement for mechanical ventilation or the use of CPAP were significantly more frequent among VLBW infants with LO BSI. Analysis showed no association between the studied NICUs and the incidence Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries rate of LO BSI. Central and peripheral venous Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries catheter associated bloodstream infections The CVC BSI incidence rate was 8. 6 1000 CVCdays, and the PVC BSI incidence was 10. 5 1000 PVCdays. The incidence rate of PVC BSI and CVC BSI in infants with birthweights of 1000 1499 grams was significantly higher than in other groups of infants. In infants with LO BSI, compared to infants without LO BSI, the catheters were used significantly more frequently and or for a longer time CVC and PVC. Short term use of PVC up to 10 days did not influence on the risk of LO BSI.

Also, in infants with LO BSI compared to infants without LO BSI, total parenteral nutrition was prescribed significantly more frequently, and or for a longer duration, average 13 vs. 29 days. Microbial Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries aetiology of the LO BSI Gram positive cocci constituted 77% of the isolated pathogens from CVC BSI. The largest group was coagulase negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries aureus. The dominant species among group of the CNS isolates were S. epidermidis, then S. haemolityicus, S. warneri, S. hominis, S. xylosus and S. capitis. Gram negative rods were isolated more often in PVC BSI than in CVC BSI, especially, Klebsiella spp which were the second most common microorganisms in PVC BSI. Infections caused by yeast like fungi constituted 3. 8% of all the BSI cases and there were no other fungal infections.

There was no relationship between the bacterial etiology of LO BSI, and the following selleck birthweight, gestational age, length of hospitalisation before the date of first signs and the use of devices analysed separately with one factor statistical techniques. Discussion Our results of LO BSI are the first to be reported by the Polish Neonatology Surveillance Network and from Central Europe based on a national program for infection surveillance and control among NICUs. Our previous report on this population within the PNSN focused on early onset infection.