Lüders (unpublished work) to also include miRNA for further

Lüders (unpublished work) to also include miRNA for further analyses. Approximately

60 mg frozen tissue was homogenized in TriReagent (Ambion) using Mixer Mill MM301 (Retch) for 2 × 2 min at 30 Hz. After phase-separation with chloroform, the aqueous eFT-508 molecular weight phase (containing RNA) was mixed with 1.5 volumes 100% ethanol and transferred to an RNeasy Mini spin column (Qiagen). Further processing was performed following the manufacturer’s protocol. A DNase INCB28060 concentration treatment was included in the procedure. RNA was eluted in 60 μl RNase-free water and stored at -80°C. The concentration of each RNA sample was obtained from A260 measurements using the

NanoDrop 2000 (Thermo Fischer Scientific Inc.). The RNA integrity number (RIN) was tested by using the Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent Technologies). cDNA synthesis Complementary DNAs (cDNAs) were produced from 1 μg RNA of each sample using the High Capacity RNA-to-cDNA Master Mix (Applied Biosystems) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The following thermal cycler conditions were used: 5 min at 25°C, 30 min at 42°C and 5 min at 85°C. Three random RNA samples were GSK2245840 additionally run in the absence of reverse transcriptase enzyme to assess the degree of contaminating genomic DNA. Real-time PCR with genomic DNA specific assay revealed that RNA was free of genomic DNA (data not shown). TLDA design and preparation TaqMan Endogenous Control Assays (Applied Biosystems) are 384-well microfluidic cards containing 16 preoptimized human TaqMan Gene Expression Assays commonly used as endogenous controls and genes that exhibit minimal differential expression across different

tissues (Table 1). Methane monooxygenase The assay was performed in triplicates. 50 μl cDNA (1 μg mRNA) was used as a template. Matched samples from 4 patients where loaded on each card. NTC (no template control) was added in one loading port. PCR amplification was performed using the ABI Prism 7900 HT Real Time PCR System (Perkin-Elmer Applied Biosystems, Foster City, California, USA). Thermal cycling conditions were used as follows: 2 min at 50°C, 10 min at 94.5°C, 30 sec at 97°C, and 1 min at 59.7°C for 40 cycles. Table 1 Candidate reference genes included in the TaqMan Endogenous Control Assay.

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