The recently discovered species's distribution, phenology, and conservation status are also included for consideration.

The Peninsular Malaysian location yielded the new mycoheterotrophic species Thismiakenyirensis, described and illustrated by Siti-Munirah and Dome. The completely orange flower tube of *Thismiakenyirensis*, unique among previously described species, is further distinguished by alternating darker and lighter longitudinal lines on both its inner and outer surfaces. The outer tepals are ovate, while the inner tepals display a narrowly lanceolate form, each ending with a long appendage. The IUCN Red List categories and criteria have provisionally categorized T.kenyirensis as Least Concern.

Studies employing phylogenetic analysis have unequivocally demonstrated that Pseudosasa is polyphyletic, with Chinese species exhibiting a distant kinship to those from Japan. TNG260 Among the Chinese Pseudosasa species, Pseudosasa pubiflora is remarkably distinctive morphologically but taxonomically ambiguous, its generic placement uncertain, and is exclusively found in South China. Molecular phylogenetic analyses, using both plastid and nuclear genome sequences, reveal that this species is most closely related to the recently published Sinosasa genus. The morphological characteristics of the two species are comparable, with flowering branches originating at branch nodes, exhibiting raceme-like inflorescences. These contain three to five short spikelets. Each spikelet has several florets, one rudimentary at the apex, with each floret containing 3 stamens and 2 stigmas. P.pubiflora exhibits a markedly different set of reproductive and vegetative features compared to Sinosasa species, specifically concerning aspects like paracladia morphology, the existence or absence of pulvinus, the relative dimensions of upper glume and lowest lemma, the shapes of lodicules and primary culm buds, the arrangement of branches, the morphology of nodes and leaves, the characteristics of dried foliage, and the number of foliage leaves per ultimate branchlet. The overwhelming morphological and molecular evidence necessitates the creation of a new genus, Kengiochloa, specifically for this unusual species. The taxonomic revision of K. pubiflora and its synonyms, based on an analysis of related literature and the study of herbarium specimens or photographic records, confirmed the presence of four valid names, specifically The taxonomic grouping of P. gracilis, Yushanialanshanensis, Arundinariatenuivagina, and P. parilis with K. pubiflora is proposed, while the existence of Indocalamuspallidiflorus and Acidosasapaucifolia as individual species is upheld.

In Guangdong, China, on Mount Danxia, the new Crassulaceae species, Sedumjinglanii, is unveiled through illustrations and a description. Analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) reveals that the newly discovered species is placed within S.sect.Sedum, as defined by Fu and Ohba (2001) in Flora of China. It is sister to a clade encompassing S.alfredi and S.emarginatum, with strong statistical support (SH-aLRT = 84, UFBS = 95), while demonstrating a more distant kinship to S.baileyi. The new species shares morphological traits with S.alfredi, but differs significantly in leaf arrangement, specifically by possessing opposite leaves, as opposed to S.alfredi's arrangement. This plant's alternate leaves display a wider dimension (04-12 cm compared to 02-06 cm), petals are shorter (34-45 mm compared to 4-6 mm), nectar scales are shorter (04-05 mm compared to 05-1 mm), carpels are shorter (15-26 mm versus 4-5 mm), and the styles are shorter (06-09 mm rather than 1-2 mm). S. emarginatum, sharing the characteristic of opposite leaves, is distinct from the new species, whose rhizome is short, erect, or ascending. Prostrate and extensive rhizomes are present in the latter, while the petals (34-45 mm) and carpels (15-26 mm) are significantly shorter than those in the former (6-8 mm and 4-5 mm, respectively). Its rhizome, short, erect, or ascending, serves as a reliable characteristic for distinguishing this species from S.baileyi. The rhizome, sprawling and prostrate, exhibits a marked difference in its style length, ranging from 06-09 mm to 1-15 mm.

The first publication of Psychotriaphilippensis (Rubiaceae), a species of Rubiaceae, by Chamisso and Schlechtendal in 1829, established the name for the species in the Philippines. This species is currently considered a Philippine endemic. The taxonomic classification of the name remained uncertain for nearly two centuries, ranging from acceptance to synonymy to being considered obscure, possibly because the type specimen in the Berlin herbarium was lost, and no original material has been located or preserved. A comprehensive examination of the protologue's morphological, type locality, and ecological details, coupled with a critical review of the last two centuries' scholarly discussions surrounding the name, ultimately revealed the true identity of P.philippensis. Schumann, a recognized authority on the family during the late 19th century, initially proposed the synonymity of this name with the rubiaceous mangrove Scyphiphorahydrophylacea, which is confirmed here, and the application of P.philippensis is set by neotypification. One Philippine Psychotria species is lost, yet this is thankfully not an extinction event, unlike the severe extinction of numerous critically endangered Philippine plant species. The history of S.hydrophylacea and its synonymous species, along with their discovery and study, are thoroughly documented, culminating in the designation of a lectotype and a neotype.

Centuries of botanical investigation notwithstanding, the basic taxonomic knowledge of the Iberian Peninsula's flora is still incomplete, especially for highly diverse and/or difficult-to-classify groups like the genus Carex. This research undertook an integrative systematic study of molecular, morphological, and cytogenetic data to determine the taxonomic position of problematic Carex populations from La Mancha (southern Spain), focusing on those in the Carex sect. Phacocystis. Oral medicine The taxonomic identification of these populations has been a subject of debate, but their comparable morphology and environmental preferences indicate a close relationship to C.reuteriana. To compare with the other Iberian breeds, a detailed morphological and cytogenetic analysis was implemented on 16 problematic La Mancha populations from Sierra Madrona and Montes de Toledo. The algae Phacocystis, a species. A phylogenetic analysis was also performed utilizing two nuclear (ITS, ETS) and two plastid (rpl32-trnLUAG, ycf6-psbM) DNA regions, encompassing representatives of all species from sect. Evidence of Phacocystis was discovered. We detected substantial molecular and morphological differentiation in the La Mancha populations, strongly suggesting their classification as a new Iberian endemic species, Carexquixotiana Ben.Benitez, Martin-Bravo, Luceno & Jim.Mejias. Chromosome counts and phylogenetic analyses surprisingly indicate a closer evolutionary link between C.quixotiana and C.nigra than to C.reuteriana. These contrasting patterns reveal the substantial taxonomic intricacy of sect. Examining the evolutionary trajectory of Phacocystis underscores the critical need for comprehensive systematic investigation.

Researchers B.H. Quang, T.A. Le, K.S. Nguyen, and Neupane present Hedyotiskonhanungensis, a newly discovered species of Hedyotis L. (Rubiaceae), with both morphological and phylogenetic data, from the central highlands of Vietnam, comprehensively detailed and illustrated. This newly discovered species belongs to the morphologically diverse tribe Spermacoceae (approximately). From the Rubiaceae family, 1000 species have been identified worldwide, a number that includes 70-80 species endemic to Vietnam's botanical landscape. Based on analysis of four DNA regions (ITS, ETS, petD, and rps 16), the phylogenetic study definitively places the new species within the Hedyotis genus, one of the most prominent genera in the tribe, having approximately 1000 species in its diversity. Across Asia and the Pacific, 180 species are found. Hedyotis konhanungensis is morphologically unique among southeastern Asian Hedyotis species, distinguished by its leaf characteristics, growth pattern, and floral components, including inflorescence axis color and calyx lobe shape. genomics proteomics bioinformatics The new species shares common characteristics with Hedyotisshenzhenensis, H.shiuyingiae, and H.yangchunensis from China, including a herbaceous habit, fleshy ovate leaves, and dark purple flowers, yet it possesses unique phylogenetic traits. Morphological distinctions include a stature of less than 25 cm, broadly ovate or deltoid stipules ending in a sharp point with an entire edge, and ovate or nearly ovate calyx segments.

Though numerous studies have investigated the algae found in various tree trunk habitats, the diatoms present in these locales are not as well-understood. Investigations into corticolous algae frequently center on the readily apparent green algae and cyanobacteria, whereas the presence of diatoms is often overlooked or unrecorded. During the research process, the categorization of 143 species of diatoms revealed two new entries within the Luticola L. bryophilasp genus. Nov., characterized by a considerable central zone and brief distal raphe terminations, is associated with L. confusasp. The JSON schema is to be returned as requested. Small depressions are a defining feature of central raphe endings. Light and scanning electron microscopy observations form the basis for the description of both, which are then compared to similar taxa in the literature. Detailed morphological information is provided for nearly all diatom taxa, along with their specific habitat needs and accompanying photographic records. The present study underscored that the occurrence of diatom assemblages on tree trunks exhibits a dependence on a variety of factors, including host tree species, the geographical area of the host tree's growth, and the accessibility of appropriate microhabitats contained within the trunk itself. The species makeup of these collections is, however, largely dictated by the tree species.