CstF interacted poorly with the RSV polyadenylation substrate, and the inactivity of the RSV poly(A) site was at least in part due to poor CstF binding since tethering CstF to the RSV substrate activated polyadenylation. Our data are consistent with poor polyadenylation factor binding sites in both the USE and DSE as the basis for inefficient use of the RSV poly(A) site and point to the importance of additional elements

within RSV RNA in promoting 3′ end formation. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“MAGNOLIA is a new software for multiple alignment of nucleic acid sequences, which are recognized to be hard to align. The idea is that the Cyclopamine concentration multiple alignment process should be improved by taking into account the putative function of the sequences. In this GSK2879552 price perspective, MAGNOLIA is especially designed for sequences that are intended to be either

protein-coding or structural RNAs. It extracts information from the similarities and differences in the data, and searches for a specific evolutionary pattern between sequences before aligning them. The alignment step then incorporates this information to achieve higher accuracy. The website is available at http://bioinfo.lifl.fr/magnolia.”
“Purpose: CT perfusion has been proposed for pancreatic lesion characterization. However, scan and analysis protocols influence numerical data. To overcome this, the purpose of our study is to evaluate the use of time-density curves obtained from MDCT perfusion of the pancreas for the characterization of normal parenchyma, adenocarcinoma, chronic pancreatitis and endocrine tumors.\n\nMethods: 31 patients with solid pancreatic lesions and 21 patients with renal cell carcinoma underwent 64-row MDCT perfusion of the pancreas after injection of 50 cc of a 370 mg I/ml solution at 5 cc/s. 63 time-density curves were obtained from normal parenchyma (21 patients), adenocarcinoma (25), endocrine tumors Prexasertib (4) and atrophic parenchyma (13). Two readers independently categorized the 63 time-density curves into 4 different morphologies: normal wash-in and wash-out (A), low wash-in followed by plateau

(B), low wash-in followed by faint wash-out (C) and high wash-in and wash-out (D). Interobserver agreement was calculated with kappa statistics. Fisher test was used to calculate sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values for each type of curve.\n\nResults: Interobserver agreement was very good (Kappa = 0.849). Curve A had 94.4% sensitivity, 91.1% specificity, 80.95% PPV, 97.6% NPV for ‘normal parenchyma’. Curve B had 74.19% sensitivity, 93.75% specificity, 92% PPV, 78.95% NPV in diagnosing ‘adenocarcinoma’. Curve C had 45.45% sensitivity, 84.62% specificity, 38.46% PPV, 88% NPV for ‘chronic pancreatitis’. Curve D had 100% sensitivity, 98.33% specificity, 75% PPV, 100% NPV for ‘endocrine tumor’.